viernes, 13 de abril de 2012

COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVE

Comparative adjectives

List of Comparatives and Superlatives (Lista de comparativos y superlativos)

Lista de los adjetivos más comunes, con su forma comparativa y superlativa.
Adjetivo Comparativo Superlativo Español
angry angrier angriest enfadado, enojado
bad worse worst malo
big bigger biggest grande
bitter bitterer bitterest amargo, resentido, agrio
black blacker blackest negro
bland blander blandest soso
bloody bloodier bloodiest sanguinolento
blue bluer bluest deprimido
bold bolder boldest audaz
bossy bossier bossiest mandón
brave braver bravest valiente
brief briefer briefest breve
bright brighter brightest brillante, luminoso
broad broader broadest ancho, amplio
busy busier busiest ocupado, ajetreado
calm calmer calmest tranquilo
cheap cheap cheaper barato
chewy chewier chewiest correoso, gomoso
chubby chubbier chubbiest rechoncho
classy classier classiest elegante
clean cleaner cleanest limpio, sano
clear clear clearest claro, despejado
clever cleverer cleverest listo, ingenioso
close closer closest cerca
cloudy cloudier cloudiest nubiado
clumsy clumsier clumsiest torpe
coarse coarser coarsest áspero, grosero
cold colder coldest frío
cool cooler coolest fresco
crazy crazier craziest loco
creamy creamier creamiest cremoso
creepy creepier creepiest espeluznante, repugnante
crispy crispier crispiest crujiente
cruel crueler cruelest cruel
crunchy crunchier crunchiest crujiente
curly curly curliest rizado, crespo, quebrado
curvy curvier curviest curvo
cute cuter cutest mono
damp damper dampest húmedo
dark darker darkest oscuro, moreno
deadly deadlier deadliest mortal, mortífero
deep deeper deepest profundo
dense denser densest denso
dirty dirtier dirtiest sucio
dry drier driest seco
dull duller dullest aburrido, soso, tonto, romo
dumb dumber dumbest estúpido
dusty dustier dustiest polvoriento
early earlier earliest pronto, temprano
easy easier easiest facíl
faint fainter faintest leve, tenue, vago, ligero
fair fairer fairest claro, sereno, recto, justo
fancy fancier fanciest lujoso
far further/farther furthest/farthest lejos, distante
fast faster fastest rápido
fat fatter fattest gordo
few fewer fewest pocos
fierce fiercer fiercest fiero, encarnizado
filthy filthier filthiest aaqueroso, obsceno
fine finer finest fino
firm firmer firmest firme, estricto
fit fitter fittest apto, en forma
flaky flakier flakiest desconchado
flat flatter flattest llano, liso, plano
fresh fresher freshest fresco, nuevo, original
friendly friendlier friendliest agradable, amable, amistoso
full fuller fullest lleno, completo
funny funnier funniest gracioso, curioso, raro
gentle gentler gentlest tierno, afectuoso, suave
gloomy gloomier gloomiest oscuro, abatido, decaído
good better best bueno
grand grander grandest grandioso, ambicioso, impotente
grave graver gravest grave
greasy greasier greasiest grasiento
great greater greatest grande, genial
greedy greedier greediest goloso, codicioso, ávido
gross grosser grossest asqueroso, grosero, craso
guilty guilter guiltiest culpable
hairy hairier hairiest velludo, peludo
handy handier handiest práctivo, útil, habilidoso, mañoso
happy happier happiest feliz, contento, alegre
hard harder hardest duro, difícil
harsh harsher harshest áspero, duro
healthy healthier healthiest sano, saludable
heavy heavier heaviest pesado, grueso, fuerte, duro
high higher highest alto, elevado, agudo
hip hipper hippest moderno
hot hotter hottest caliente, caluroso, picante
humble humbler humblest humilde
hungry hungrier hungriest hambriento
icy icier iciest helado, frío
itchy itchier itchiest pica
juicy juicier juiciest jugoso, zumoso, suculento
kind kinder kindest amable, benévolo, cariñoso
large larger largest grande
late later latest tarde, restrasado, reciente
lazy lazier laziest perezoso
light lighter lightest ligero, claro
likely likelier likeliest probable
little littler littlest pequeño, poco
lively livelier liveliest animado, vivo
lonely lonlier lonliest solitario
long longer longest largo
loud louder loudest fuerte, alto
lovely lovelier loveliest precioso, bello, lindo
low lower lowest bajo
mad madder maddest enfadado, enojado, loco
mean meaner meanest malo, mezquino, tacaño
messy messier messiest sucio, desordenado, desastroso
mild milder mildest afable, suave, leve
moist moister moistest húmedo
narrow narrower narrowest estrecho, escaso
nasty nastier nastiest asqueroso, desagradable
naughty naughtier naughtiest malo, travieso, picante
near nearer nearest cercano, próximo
neat neater neatest ordenado, aseado, pulcro
needy needier neediest necesitado
new newer newest nuevo, fresco, reciente, moderno
nice nicer nicest simpatico, agradable, bueno
noisy noisier noisiest ruidoso, clamaroso
odd odder oddest raro, extraño
oily oilier oiliest grasiento, aceitoso
old older/elder oldest/eldest viejo, anciano, antiguo
plain plainer plainest claro, sencillo
polite politer politest educado, cortés
poor poorer poorest pobre
pretty prettier prettiest bonito, lindo, hermoso
proud prouder proudest orgulloso, soberbio, digno
pure purer purest puro
quick quicker quickest rápido
quiet quieter quietest tranquillo, silencioso
rare rarer rarest raro
raw rawer rawest crudo, agrietado
rich richer richest rico, abundante
ripe riper ripest maduro, curado
risky riskier riskiest arriesgado, peligroso
roomy roomier roomiest espacioso
rough rougher roughest áspero, tosco, bruto, ronco
rude ruder rudest maleducado, grosero, tosco
rusty rustier rustiest oxidado
sad sadder saddest triste, lamentable, penoso
safe safer safest seguro
salty saltier saltiest salado
sane saner sanest cuerdo, sensato
scary scarier scariest espantoso, asustadizo
shallow shallower shallowest superficial, poco profundo
sharp sharper sharpest afilado, cerrado, agudo
shiny shinier shiniest brillante, reluciente
short shorter shortest corto, bajo, chaparro
shy shyer shyest tímido
silly sillier silliest tonto
simple simpler simplest sencillo, simple, facíl
sincere sincerer sincerest sincero, genuino
skinny skinnier skinniest flaco
sleepy sleepier sleepiest adormilado, soñoliento
slim slimmer slimmest delgado, fino
slimy slimier slimiest viscoso, pegajoso, empalagoso
slow slower slowest lento
small smaller smallest pequeño
smart smarter smartest listo, inteligente, agudo
smelly smellier smelliest apestoso
smoky smokier smokiest humeante, ahumado
smooth smoother smoothest liso, suave, llano, fluido
soft softer softest blando, suave
soon sooner soonest pronto
sore sorer sorest dolorido
sorry sorrier sorriest lamentable
sour sourer sourest agrio, ácido
spicy spicier spiciest picante, especiado, sazonado
steep steeper steepest empinado, pronunciado
stingy stingier stingiest tacaño, rácano, raquítico
strange stranger strangest raro, extraño, desconocido
strict stricter strictest estricto, rígido
strong stronger strongest fuerte, sólido, intenso, marcado
sunny sunnier sunniest soleado, radiante
sweaty sweatier sweatiest sudoroso
sweet sweeter sweetest dulce
tall taller tallest alto
tan tanner tannest bronceado, moreno
tasty tastier tastiest rico, sabroso, apetitoso
thick thicker thickest grueso, denso, espeso, poblado
thin thinner thinnest delgado, fino
thirsty thirstier thirstiest sediento
tiny tinier tiniest diminuto, minúsculo
tough tougher toughest fuerte, resistente, duro, difícil
true truer truest cierto, verdadero, leal, fiel
ugly uglier ugliest feo
warm warmer warmest caliente, templado, cálido
weak weaker weakest débil, flojo
wealthy wealthier wealthiest rico, pudiente
weird weirder weirdest raro, extraño
wet wetter wettest mojado, húmedo, lluvioso
wide wider widest ancho, amplio, extenso
wild wilder wildest salvaje, silvestre, descontrolado
windy windier windiest ventoso
wise wiser wisest sabio, sensato, prudente
worldly worldlier worldliest mundano, terreno
worthy worthier worthiest virtuoso, digno
young younger younges joven
Comparative and superlative adjectives
The most common use of adjectives is as "positive adjectives", ie use them to assign a feature to a noun

Fast car>
fast car

But also we can use adjectives to compare

Slower car (comparative of inferiority) -

Car as fast as ... (Comparative of equality) -

Fastest car (comparative of superiority) and also we can use to say they are "most"

This car is the most rápido.Esto latter is what we call superlativo.Vamos to see next training in English comparatives (deinferioridad, equality and superiority) and the superlative.

COMPARATIVE

COMPARATIVEThe comparative of inferiorityThe comparative of inferiority is used following this structure:Less than + adjective + ("than" may not be necessary)Less + adjective + that
This car is less fast (than this motorbike) This car is slower (this bike).This car is less expensive (than this motorbike) This car is less expensive (this bike).English is seldom used the comparative inferiority. Usually turns to a sentence to use the comparative superiority
  
This bike is faster than this car
The comparative of equality:The comparative of equality uses the following structure:As + adjective + as
 
As + adjective + asThis car is as fast As This motorbike> This car is as fast as this bike.This car is as expensive As This motorbike> This car is as expensive as this bike.
Of course, any sentence of this style can be negative:This car is not as fast As This motorbike> This car is not as fast as estamoto
The comparative of superiority:In the comparative superiority we must take into account the number of syllables in the adjective, since according to this training will be one way or another:


• 1-syllable adjectives:
 
Adjective +-er + than ("than" may not be necessary)More + adjective + that-
 
This car is faster (than this motorbike)> This car is faster (which estamoto).Those one-syllable adjectives ending in consonant-vowel-consonant double their final consonant before adding er

 
Big> bigger
• adjectives of 3 or more syllables:More + adjective + than ("than" may not be necessary)More + adjective + that-
 
This car is more expensive (than this motorbike)> This car is more expensive (this bike).
Adjectives of 2 syllables Some adjectives of 2 syllables used the first structure (-er) while others use the second (more). There are no rules to tell us which of the two structures must be used with a particular adjective of two syllables. We will have to learn adjective by adjective.- Nice> nicer- Modern> more modern2-syllable adjectives ending in e add only r:Fine> finer2-syllable adjectives ending in and change the y to an i and add er:- Happy> happier- Easy> Easier

The superlative

The superlative
The superlative is a structure very similar to the comparative superiority. Again we must take into account the number of syllables in the adjective:
 
1-syllable adjectives:
The + adjective + - est
The more + adjective

This car is the fastest> This car is the fastest.
Those one-syllable adjectives ending in consonant-vowel-consonant double their final consonant before adding est:
- Big> the biggest

adjectives of 3 or more syllables:
The most + adjective
The more + adjective
- This car is the Most Expensive> This car is the most expensive.

adjectives of 2 syllables: Adjectives of two syllables that employ-er in the comparative superiority using the-est in the superlative while using more use the MOST:
- Nice> the nicest
- Modern> The Most modern

2-syllable adjectives ending in e add only st:
- Fine> the finest
2-syllable adjectives ending in and change the y to an i, and add est:
- Happy> the happiest
- Easy> the Easiest

Finally, there are three very common adjectives have a comparative training irregulartanto of superiority as the superlative. are:
- Good (good) / Better (better) / The best (the best)
- Bad (bad) / Worse (worse) / The worst (worst)
- Far (far) / Farther, Further (further) / The farthest, the furtherst (the máslejano)